問題詳情：
The term “underemployment” has three related meanings. In one sense, it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications (資格) is working in a position that requires less qualifications, as for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus. In the second sense, it means working part-time when one would prefer to be working full-time. In the third sense, it is a form of overstaffing (人浮於事) in which employees are not being fully made use of.
All forms of underemployment have effect on the economy and the health of the business community. Long-term underemployment can also cover up the truth behind the employment situations. When nations collect employment statistics, they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals, using that number to judge the health of the job market. This number does not include part-time workers looking for full-time jobs, as they are considered employed, and it also doesn’t reflect workers who are underpaid, considering their qualifications.
In the first sense, underemployment is a common problem in many of the developed world. Many people with college degrees are working in low-level or service industry jobs because the job market is full.
The issue of part-time employment is also very serious. Some people are forced into part-time jobs, while others find themselves taking a part-time job because nothing else is available, even though they really need to work full-time. This problem is especially common in areas with seasonal employment, where employers find it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs, rather than keeping a full staff at all times.
In the sense of shortage of workers, underemployment appears in a variety of situations. Some companies maintain a full staff to be prepared for seasonal work, or to keep well-trained, qualified workers so that they will be available when needed. Labor laws and union pressures may also prevent a company from cutting down on staff or working hours, leading to a situation in which people report to work, but have nothing to do.
1. The purpose of the passage is .
A. to show underemployment is becoming more serious today
B. to imply women are laid off more than men
C. to explain the meaning of “underemployment”
D. to tell the present economic situations
2. According to the text, underemployment means .
A. the same meaning as the word—unemployed
B. employees are not fully taken charged of
C. qualified workers get a low salary
D. people who do manual work for wages
3. When it comes to unemployment statistics, .
A. the underpaid workers are included
B. it implies the people who are jobless
C. the part-time employees are included
D. it shows the employment situation of a country
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE to the 4th and 5th paragraph?
A. Underemployment only occurs in advanced countries.
B. People with college degrees sometimes take a part-time job.
C. Part-time staffs seems benefit from firms less.
D. Companies need full-time staffs indeed.
5. Some companies maintain a full staff .
A. to compete with others in the future
B. to make preparations for seasonal work
C. to get the skilled workers paid
D. to obey labor laws and union pressures
【回答】
CBBAB
知識點：社會現象類閱讀
題型：閱讀理解
